409 (UNS S40900)
409 Ferritic Stainless Steel
UNS S40900
Introduction
Stainless steel 409 (UNS S40900) is a kind of stabilized ferritic one with 11% chromium, and it provides better oxidation and corrosion resistance than that of mild steel, but poor than the higher-alloyed ones ( eg.430 or 304). And ease of fabrication along with its corrosion resistance and economy have made 409 widely used as utilization in automotive exhaust and other non-automotive applications.
Properties
In general,409 (UNS S40900) has the same corrosion resistance as that of 410. Occasionally,409 has atmospheric and exhaust gas corrosion, but a light surface rust will exist under most atmospheres; this rust retards further corrosion but makes the surface undesirable for decorative applications.
Chemical Composition of 409 (UNS S40900)
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Ni
409 min -- -- -- -- - 10.5 --
max 0.08 1.00 1.0 0.045 0.03 11.75 0.50
Forging process of 409/S40900
Preheat / ℃ initial forging temperature / ℃ final forging temperature / ℃ Cooling
760 1040 ~ 1120 705 ~ 790 air-cooled
Heat treatment of 409/S40900
Annealing temperature is 780 ~ 950 ℃,cooling, the hardness ≤ 162HBW.
Application
409 (UNS S40900) is especially useful for applications where oxidation or corrosion protection goes beyond the capacity of carbon steel, but it should not be used in cryogenic surroundings due to the risk of brittle fracture at sub-zero temperatures.Typical applications are shown below:
• tubular manifolds; agricultural spreaders
• gas turbine exhaust silencers, and heat exchangers
• vehicle exhaust systems, silencers and catalytic converters.
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